🎯 这节课你会学到
- 一般现在时讲什么(习惯、事实)
- 第三人称单数 + s(专升本必考)
- 否定 don’t / doesn’t 和疑问 Do / Does
📖 讲解
1. 什么时候用一般现在时
讲习惯和事实——现在是这样,平时也这样:
- I get up at seven every day.(我每天七点起床——习惯)
- The sun rises in the east.(太阳从东方升起——事实)
- She likes music.(她喜欢音乐——常态)
标志词:always 总是 / usually 通常 / often 常常 / sometimes 有时 / every day 每天
2. 三单加 s(本课核心)
主语是 he / she / it / 单个人名 / 单个东西 时,动词加 s:
| 主语 | 动词 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| I / you / we / they | 原形 | They play football. |
| he / she / it | 动词 + s | He plays football. She likes cats. |
加 s 的拼写规则(和名词复数一模一样):
- 一般 + s:like → likes
- s/x/ch/sh/o 结尾 + es:go → goes,watch → watches,do → does
- 辅音 + y:y → ies:study → studies(但 play → plays)
- 特殊:have → has
一句大实话:你说的每句英语都要过一遍脑子——「主语是不是三单?」这是中文没有的习惯,练两周就自动了。
3. 否定:don’t / doesn’t + 动词原形
| 人 | 否定 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| I / you / we / they | don’t + 原形 | I don’t like fish. |
| he / she / it | doesn’t + 原形 | She doesn’t like fish. |
⚠️ 注意:用了 doesn’t,后面的动词脱掉 s 还原形(s 已经被 doesn’t 带走了): ❌ She doesn’t likes fish. → ✅ She doesn’t like fish.
4. 疑问:Do / Does 开头
- Do you like music? → Yes, I do. / No, I don’t.
- Does he like music? → Yes, he does. / No, he doesn’t.
⚠️ 零基础最容易犯的错
- 三单漏 s(最高频):❌ He like music. → ✅ He likes music.
- doesn’t 后面留 s:❌ She doesn’t likes. → ✅ She doesn’t like.
- has 被写成 haves:have 的三单是 has,不是 haves
📝 随堂小练
- He ____ (go) to school by bus every day.
- My sister ____ (study) English every evening.
- I ____ (not like) coffee.
- ____ she ____ (have) a computer?(一般疑问句)
- 翻译:他们每天打篮球。
答案(先自己写!)
- goes(he 三单;go 以 o 结尾加 es)
- studies(辅音 + y → ies)
- don’t like(I 配 don’t)
- Does she have…?(三单疑问用 Does;have 不变)
- They play basketball every day.(they 复数,动词原形)
➡️ 下一课预告
第 5 课:把时间拨回昨天——一般过去时和那批「不讲道理」的不规则动词。