🎯 这节课你会学到
- 形容词变「更……」(比较级)和「最……」(最高级)的规则
- than 和 as…as 的用法
- 不规则变化四兄弟:good / bad / many / little
📖 讲解
1. 两个概念
- 比较级 =「更……」:Tom is taller than Jack.(汤姆比杰克高)
- 最高级 =「最……」(前面加 the):Tom is the tallest in our class.(汤姆是班里最高的)
2. 变化规则
| 规则 | 比较级 | 最高级 |
|---|---|---|
| 单音节一般 + er / est | tall → taller | the tallest |
| 以 e 结尾 + r / st | large → larger | the largest |
| 辅音 + y:y → ier / iest | easy → easier | the easiest |
| 重读闭音节双写 | big → bigger | the biggest |
| 多音节词:more / most + 原形 | beautiful → more beautiful | the most beautiful |
| 部分双音节两种都行 | clever → cleverer / more clever | — |
口诀:短词加尾,长词戴帽(两三个音节以上 → more / most)。
3. 不规则四兄弟(必背)
| 原形 | 比较级 | 最高级 |
|---|---|---|
| good / well 好 | better | the best |
| bad 坏 | worse | the worst |
| many / much 多 | more | the most |
| little 少 | less | the least |
(另加:far → farther / further)
4. 三个必考句型
| 句型 | 例句 |
|---|---|
| A … than B | She is taller than me.(口语 me,书面 her/she 均可,专升本选 me 通常没错) |
| A … as + 原形 + as B | He is as tall as his father.(和他爸爸一样高) |
| A … not as / so + 原形 + as B | This room is not as big as that one.(不如那个大) |
⚠️ as…as 中间是原形,不是比较级:❌ as taller as → ✅ as tall as
5. 最高级的三件套
the + 最高级 + in/of 短语:
- She is the youngest in our class.(范围是一个集体 → in)
- Monday is the busiest day of the week.(范围是一组同类 → of)
⚠️ 零基础最容易犯的错
- more 和 er 混用:❌ more taller → ✅ taller 或 more beautiful,二选一不叠加
- 最高级漏 the:❌ He is tallest in class. → ✅ He is the tallest in class.
- than 后比较对象不对等:❌ The weather in Beijing is colder than Guangzhou. → ✅ … than that in Guangzhou(天气比天气,用 that 代替 weather)
📝 随堂小练
- Summer is ____ (hot) than spring.
- This box is ____ (heavy) of the three.(用最高级)
- English is as ____ (important) as math.
- My room is ____ (small) than ____ (she).
- 改错:He is more taller than his brother.
答案(先自己写!)
- hotter(重读闭音节双写 + er)
- the heaviest(三者中最高级;heavy → y 变 ier → iest)
- important(as…as 中间用原形)
- smaller than hers(比较级;「她的房间」后不跟名词 → hers)
- more taller ❌ → taller(er 和 more 不叠加)
➡️ 下一课预告
第 12 课:小词大用——in / on / at 三个介词的时间地点口诀和高频搭配。