🎯 这节课你会学到

  1. 部分倒装的全部触发条件（一张清单）
  2. 完全倒装的两种场合
  3. 强调句 It is…that 的判断法和陷阱

📖 讲解

1. 部分倒装：只把「助动词/情态动词/be」提到主语前

触发条件清单（看到这些开头 → 倒装）：

触发词例句
否定词开头：never, seldom, hardly, scarcely, little, not only, no sooner, by no means, in no caseNever have I seen such a thing.
only + 状语开头Only then did I realize the truth. / Only in this way can you succeed.
so / neither / nor 表「也」He likes music, so do I. / She can’t swim, neither can I.
so…that 的 so 部分So loudly did he speak that everyone heard him.
Not until 开头Not until midnight did he come back.
Hardly…when / No sooner…than 的前半Hardly had I arrived when it rained.

操作口诀：把句子改疑问句时的倒装方式——助动词提前，实义动词不动。没有助动词就借 do/does/did：

He knows little about it. → Little does he know about it.（借 does）

2. 完全倒装：整个谓语放到主语前

两种场合：

  1. 方位副词开头（here, there, out, in, up, down, away）+ 一般现在/过去：

    Here comes the bus! / Out rushed the children. ⚠️ 主语是代词时不倒装：Here he comes.（❌ Here comes he）

  2. 地点状语开头：

    On the wall hangs a picture. / In front of the house stands a tree.

3. 强调句：It is / was + 被强调部分 + that / who + 其余

用途：突出句子的某一成分（主语/宾语/状语）。

  • 原句：Tom broke the window yesterday.
  • 强调主语：It was Tom that/who broke the window.
  • 强调宾语：It was the window that Tom broke.
  • 强调状语：It was yesterday that Tom broke the window.

判断是否强调句的「去掉法」（必会）：把 It is/was 和 that/who 去掉，剩下的词能还原成完整句子 → 强调句；不能 → 不是（可能是主语从句）。

  • It was yesterday that he came. → 去掉后 he came yesterday ✓ 完整 → 强调句
  • It is clear that he is lying. → 去掉后 clear he is lying ✗ 不成句 → 主语从句

强调句的时态：原句现在/将来 → It is…that；原句过去 → It was…that。

4. so / such 强调句型（写作提分句）

  • so + 形/副 + that：The problem is so difficult that nobody can solve it.
  • such + (a/an) + 形 + 名 + that：It is such a difficult problem that nobody can solve it.
  • 中心词是名词用 such，是形容词/副词用 so（呼应第 17 课 What/How 的判断法）

📝 随堂小练

  1. I have never heard of such a thing.（改为倒装）
  2. He was able to come only because you invited him.（Only 状语提前改倒装）
  3. She is a kind girl. We all like her.（用 so 合并）
  4. 判断：It was in the room ____ we had the meeting.（in the room 是地点 → 强调句用 that；若句子是 It was the room ____ we met，填 where——体会差别）
  5. 改错：Here comes he.
答案（先自己写！）
  1. Never have I heard of such a thing.（have 提前）
  2. Only because you invited him was he able to come.（was 提前）
  3. She is so kind a girl that we all like her.（或 such a kind girl that）
  4. that（强调地点状语 → that；第二空才是 where）
  5. ❌ Here comes he → ✅ Here he comes.（主语是代词不倒装）

➡️ 下一课预告

第 23 课：主谓一致完整规则——family 到底算单数还是复数？