🎯 这节课你会学到

主谓一致的三大原则（语法一致 / 意义一致 / 就近原则）+ 十个高频判断场景——选择填空的送分点，也是最容易粗心的地方。

📖 讲解

1. 三大原则

  • 语法一致：形式上单复数对应（he plays / they play）
  • 意义一致：看意思不看形式（集合名词、不可数）
  • 就近原则：谓语跟最近的主语一致（there be、or、not only…but also）

2. 十个高频场景速查

场景规则例
① 集体名词 family / class / team / group看意思：整体 → 单；成员 → 复My family is big. / My family are all early risers.
② the + 形容词（一类人）复数The rich are not always happy.
③ each / every / either / neither + 单数名词单数Each of the students has a book. / Every boy and girl is invited.（every 修饰并列单数仍单数）
④ a number of vs the number ofa number of + 复数名词 → 复；the number of → 单A number of students are here. / The number of students is growing.
⑤ there be + 并列主语就近There is a pen and two books.
⑥ either…or / neither…nor / not only…but also就近Neither you nor he is right.
⑦ 主语 + as well as / with / along with / together with就前（跟前面主语）The teacher as well as the students likes music.
⑧ and 连接两个主语通常复数；指同一人/物/概念 → 单Bread and butter is his favorite.（黄油面包=一样东西）
⑨ 分数 / 百分数 / a lot of / plenty of + of 短语看 of 后面的名词Two thirds of the water is polluted. / Two thirds of the students are here.
⑩ many a + 单数名词形复意单 → 单数Many a student has made this mistake.

3. 三个易漏点

  1. 时间 / 金钱 / 距离作主语当整体 → 单数：

    Ten years has passed. / Five dollars is enough.

  2. 不定代词（something, everyone, nobody, each…）→ 单数：

    Everyone is here. / Nothing was said.

  3. 疑问词 what 引导的主语从句：看表语——

    What we need is more time.（need 的东西=时间，不可数→单） What we need are more teachers.（可数→复）

📝 随堂小练

  1. The population of the city ____ (be) growing fast.
  2. Not only the students but also the teacher ____ (be) invited.
  3. Physics ____ (be) my favorite subject.（学科名）
  4. Fifty percent of the work ____ (have) been done.
  5. 改错：Each of the boys have a pen.
  6. 改错：The Greens is having dinner.（the + 姓氏复数 = 一家人）
答案（先自己写！）
  1. is（population 整体概念单数）
  2. is（就近：the teacher 单数）
  3. is（学科名看单数，尽管 -s 结尾）
  4. has（work 不可数 → 单）
  5. have ❌ → has（each of + 复数 → 谓语单数）
  6. is ❌ → are（the Greens = 格林一家，复数）

➡️ 下一课预告

第 24 课：三大从句综合辨析（期中考试课）——从句学完了，来一场混战大练兵。