🎯 这节课你会学到

三大从句(定语 / 名词性 / 状语)学完了,这课专门解决「同一个连接词在不同从句里的不同用法」——这是专升本辨析题的核心套路。

📖 核心辨析

辨析一:同一个 when 的三种身份

从句类型例句判断依据
状语从句(时间)I’ll go when he comes.when 后是完整句,整句修饰主句动作
宾语从句I don’t know when he will come.when 后完整句,作 know 的宾语
定语从句I’ll never forget the day when we met.when 前有先行词(the day),when 在从句中作状语

鉴别流程:① 前面有先行词?→ 定语从句。② 跟在 know/tell 等动词后?→ 宾语从句。③ 否则 → 状语从句。

辨析二:that 的三副面孔

  • 定语从句:that 在从句中作成分:The book that I bought is good.(bought 的宾语)
  • 同位语从句:that 不作成分,只解释:The fact that he lied shocked us.
  • 宾语从句:that 只引导可省略:I think (that) you are right.

判断核心:还原法——把 that 去掉,从句缺成分 → 定语从句;不缺 → 同位语/宾语从句。

辨析三:where 的两副面孔

  • 定语从句:the place where we met(前面有先行词 the place)
  • 状语从句:Go back where you came from.(无先行词,修饰 go back)

辨析四:as / which 非限制性从句

  • as 可前可后,有「正如」义:As is known to all, the earth is round. / He is honest, as everyone knows.
  • which 只能放后面:He passed, which surprised us.

辨析五:because / why / that 在 reason 后

  • The reason why he was late is that he missed the bus.(why 定语从句 + that 表语从句——固定搭配,不填 because!)
  • 表语从句用 because 的场合:That’s because he was ill.(那是因为——直接回答回果)

📝 期中大练兵(20 题,限时 15 分钟)

  1. ____ we all know, practice makes perfect.(as)
  2. The museum ____ we visited last week is famous.(that/which/省略)
  3. Word came ____ he had won the first prize.(同位语 that)
  4. ____ surprised me most was his attitude.(What)
  5. I’ll visit you ____ I get there.(the moment / as soon as)
  6. He made ____ rapid progress ____ the teacher praised him.(such…that)
  7. The reason ____ he gave for his absence was unbelievable.(that/which——gave 缺宾语)
  8. This is the school ____ I studied three years ago.(where)
  9. ____ hard he tried, he couldn’t open the door.(However)
  10. It was in 2020 ____ they got married.(强调句 that)
  11. Nobody knows ____ will be elected.(who)
  12. He spoke ____ he were an expert.(as if + 虚拟)
  13. The news ____ he told you is true.(that/which——told 缺宾语 → 定语从句)
  14. ____ no one objects, we’ll start tomorrow.(Since/Now that)
  15. I have the same opinion ____ you.(as)
  16. ____ the exam will be put off is still unknown.(Whether)
  17. Only when you lose something ____ you realize its value.(do)
  18. The village ____ lies at the foot of the mountain is my hometown.(that/which——从句缺主语)
  19. He must have passed the exam, ____ he?(didn’t)
  20. It depends on ____ we have enough time.(whether)
答案与速解(对照鉴别流程核对)
  1. as(非限制性,正如——可前可后)
  2. that / which / 省略(visited 缺宾语 → 定语从句)
  3. that(同位语从句:word = 消息)
  4. What(主语从句缺主语)
  5. the moment / as soon as(一……就)
  6. such…that(中心词 progress 名词)
  7. that / which(he gave 缺宾语 → 定语从句,不是 why!)
  8. where(先行词 school + 从句缺状语)
  9. However(however + adj/adv + 主谓 = 让步倒装)
  10. that(去掉还原完整 → 强调句)
  11. who(从句缺主语:谁将当选)
  12. as if(+ were/虚拟语气)
  13. that / which(told 缺宾语 → 定语从句,不是同位语!)
  14. Since / Now that(原因)
  15. as(the same…as 固定)
  16. Whether(句首主语从句)
  17. Only when… 倒装 → Only when you lose something do you realize
  18. that / which(从句缺主语 → 定语从句)
  19. didn’t(must 表推测,反意对隐含时态:must have passed → didn’t he)
  20. whether(介词 on 后 → 只用 whether)

16/20 以上:从句毕业!12 题以下:回 19、20、21 三课重学。

➡️ 下一课预告

从第 25 课起进入词汇弹药库:先把不规则动词三态大表全部拿下。